דברי ברכה ופתיחה ד"ר משה גבעוני, ראש היחידה למחקר תחבורה - בחינת השפעות היעדר תחבורה ציבורית בשבת על תושבי תל אביב-יפו

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שנה לפתיחת היחידה למחקר תחבורה יום חמישי 12 בפברואר 2015, בשעה 15:30 אוניברסיטת תל אביב, בנין יד-אבנר*, חדר 115. * רחוב זליג 10, אפקה )מגרש חניה מאחורי הבנין( תוכנית: 15:30 התכנסות וכיבוד קל 16:00 מושב ראשון: הצגת מחקרים ביחידה למחקר תחבורה דברי ברכה ופתיחה ד"ר משה גבעוני, ראש היחידה למחקר תחבורה מר רן שוחמי - בחינת השפעות היעדר תחבורה ציבורית בשבת על תושבי תל אביב-יפו Mr. Bryan Epstein - Measuring the discrepancy between Quality Of Service (QOS) supply and demand in bus public transport in Israel Ms. Rebecca Shliselberg - The perception of speed vs. other travel attributes, what is really important? 17:00 הפסקה 17:30 מושב שני: הרצאת אורח How Transport Revolutions could facilitate the transition to post-carbon mobilities Professor Anthony Perl Urban Studies Program, Simon Fraser University Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada & Mortimer and Raymond Sackler IAS Lecturer 2014/5 Tel Aviv University, Israel 18:30 סיום

How Transport Revolutions could facilitate the transition to post-carbon mobilities Anthony Perl תקצירים: Global energy markets have recently demonstrated the challenges of finding a smooth pathway to post-carbon mobility. While reducing the use of oil as a transportation fuel represents an essential step toward sustainability, this transition will be volatile and risky. Understanding and planning for transport revolutions can help to manage the challenges that lie ahead. While much development in mobility has occurred through incremental adjustments over the long term (e.g., tinkering with wheels and sails), a very different mode of change has also periodically transformed the movement of people and goods. Understanding these sudden bursts of change, which are defined as a transport revolution, can help to highlight the character and dynamics of disruptive transformation in the organization and technology of movement. Three trajectories from business as usual to sustainable mobility appear possible. In a soft landing pathway, anticipatory policies would facilitate changes in organization and technology to accelerate the capacity to deliver mobility with less oil consumption. In a hard landing pathway, an oil supply crisis, and its accompanying economic shock, would disrupt established mobility organizations and technology, causing short term declines in performance but also accelerating the move to alternative energy sources. And in a crash landing scenario, major segments of the transport sector would be unable to adapt to the limited availability of oil and would suffer a systemic failure. Effective leadership of coming transport revolutions can improve the chances of adapting mobility along a soft landing pathway. Effective leadership can also lower the risk of a crash landing where transport systems would fail to meet society s need for efficient and sustainable mobility. Strategies and tools to support such effective leadership need to be developed or enhanced, wherever possible. The perception of speed vs. other travel attributes, what is really important? - Rebecca Shliselberg Economic progress, improved global communications and greater affluence are linked to increasing demand for mobility services. The growth in travel generates an array of challenges for both environmental and social sustainability. At the same time, transportation policies are well entrenched in widely accepted practices, which emphasize economic growth measured by travel timesaving, reflecting both network productivity and individual social welfare benefits. This value framework has a limited ability to address the need for sustainable transport, encouraging an everincreasing demand for faster, longer and more frequent journeys. The objective of this research is to develop a broader value framework reflecting a wider range of benefits related to mobility. Recent studies in the social sciences have identified issues worthy of further consideration, such as health, increased personal capabilities, and social inclusion. This review identifies a wider range of travel

attributes that influence personal travel choices and that reflect travel benefits in addition to, or instead of, travel time savings. It is a first step in a larger research objective to systematically identify these wider benefits and demonstrate how broader objectives and evaluation measures could contribute to transport policy that is more inherently sustainable. Measuring the discrepancy between Quality Of Service (QOS) supply and demand in bus public transport - Bryan Epstein Contract tendering is a complex process which is a popular mechanism for creating competition in Public Transportation (PT) markets. Israel is currently undergoing an off-road contract tendering process in order to lower operating costs and increase service quality. This research explored the character of the Israeli experience with a focus on quality of service (QOS). QOS is a construct of objective and subjective factors and as such is perceived differently by different agents. The data from a large scale customer satisfaction survey provided by the organization Transportation Today and Tomorrow provides an understanding of what issues are most important to the customer's view of quality while a text based analysis of tendered contracts between the Israeli Ministry of Transportation and various private PT operators illustrates how quality is defined within the contract regime. Following these individual analyses, the results were compared in order to characterize the gap between the QOS desired by the passenger and the provided quality resulting from a given contract regime. This research is important for two reasons. First, it provides a case study specific analysis of quality perceptions in a changing PT marketplace, providing important knowledge for interested agencies and policymakers about the correlation between QOS improvement and increased customer satisfaction. Second, while there is abundant literature on QOS in PT, contract tendering and the contract regime, there is little research comparing perceptions of quality in relation to the contract tendering process or as to how the contract regime actually dictates quality supply. This research provides a novel model for analyzing the quality perceptions of the user, the authority and the operator as well as the gap between them. This model improves the understanding of quality in contract regimes where the goal of any transport policy is the increase of sustainable supply and quality of service. בחינת השפעות היעדר תחבורה ציבורית בשבת על תושבי תל אביב-יפו - רן שוחמי לעובדה כי בישראל אין שירות סדיר של תחבורה-ציבורית בשבת השפעות רבות על מגוון אוכלוסיות ומגמות של שימוש באמצעי-תחבורה שונים. מכיוון שישראל היא דוגמא בודדת לאי- הפעלת שירות ציבורי כה חיוני זה היא מהווה בסיס מחקרי ייחודי לסוגיה זו. למרות זאת, בנושא זה לא קיימים מחקרים רבים ומטרתו של מחקר זה לבדוק לעומק את ההשפעות הישירות על התושבים בשל היעדר השירות בשבת. מחקר זה נערך בקרב תושבי העיר תל אביב-יפו אך הוא בהחלט מהווה תמונת ראי לחלקים אחרים במדינה. אי-הפעלת השירות בגלל נושאים דתיים- ופוליטיים מהווה פגיעה חמורה באוכלוסיות שונות ופוגעת בשירות התחבורה-הציבורית וזאת למרות שרבים מתושבי העיר מעידים כי הם בעד הפעלת שירות תחבורה-ציבורית בעיר גם בשבת ואף ייסעו בה.

אודות הדוברים: Anthony Perl Anthony Perl is Professor of Urban Studies and Political Science at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Before joining SFU, Anthony worked at the University of Calgary, the City University of New York, and Universite Lumiere in Lyon, France. He received his undergraduate honours degree in Government from Harvard University, followed by an MA and a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Toronto. Perl is visiting the Transport Research Unit, Department of Geography and Human Environment after being selected as a Mortimer and Raymond Sackler IAS Lecturer for 2014/5. His research crosses disciplinary and national boundaries to explore policy decisions made about transportation, cities and the environment. He has published in dozens of scholarly journals and his work has been awarded prizes for outstanding papers presented at the World Conference on Transport Research and the Canadian Transportation Research Forum. He has also produced five books: The Politics of Improving Urban Air Quality (Edward Elgar, 1999 ), New Departures: Rethinking Rail Passenger Policy in the Twenty-First Century (University Press of Kentucky, 2002), The Integrity Gap: Canada s Environmental Policy and Institutions (University of British Columbia Press, 2003), Transport Revolutions: Moving People and Freight Without Oil (New Society Publishers, 2010 and Earthscan, 2012) and Studying Public Policy: Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystems (Oxford University Press now in its 3rd edition). Perl has advised governments in Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, and the United States on transportation, environmental research, and policy development. He served on the Board of VIA Rail, Canada s national passenger railway for more than four years. He has served on the Selection Committee of Transport Canada s Urban Transportation Showcase Program. He has led the Rail Group of the U.S. Transportation Research Board (TRB), a division of the National Research Council. He has also chaired TRB s Committee on Intercity Passenger Rail. Perl is a Fellow of the Post-Carbon Institute and Adjunct Professor of Urban Studies at Griffith University in Queensland, Australia. רבקה )בקי( שליסלברג בקי היא חוקרת ביחידה למחקר תחבורה ותלמידה במסלול לתואר שלישי של בית ספר פורטר לסביבה. את עבודת הדוקטורט מתעדת בקי לעשות על שילוב של תועלות רחבות יותר מניידות תחבורתית בעיצוב והערכת מדיניות תחבורתית בהנחייתו של ד"ר משה גבעוני. בריאן אפשטיין בריאן סיים תואר ראשון בחוג לגיאוגרפיה וסביבת האדם, אוניברסיטת תל אביב ועומד לסיים את התואר השני בחוג במסלול חברה סביבה ותכנון )מסלול מחקרי( בהנחייתו של ד"ר משה גבעוני. מחקרו של בריאן בוחן את ההשפעה של הפרטת תחבורה ציבורית על איכות השירות באוטובוסים. בריאן הוא חוקר ביחידה למחקר תחבורה. רן שוחמי רן סיים תואר ראשון בחוג לגיאוגרפיה וסביבת האדם באוניברסיטת תל אביב במסגרתו ערך את המחקר אודות בחינת השפעות היעדר תחבורה ציבורית בשבת על תושבי תל אביב-יפו. כיום, רן הוא סטודנט לתואר שני במסלול חברה סביבה ותכנון )מסלול מחקרי( בחוג וחוקר ביחידה למחקר חבורה.

אודות היחידה למחקר תחבורה: התחבורה הינה מרכיב הקיים בכמעט בכל פעילות חברתית וכלכלית שבה אנו לוקחים חלק, והיא גם תוצאה של פעילות כזו. בשל כך, ניתן לדמות את מערכת התחבורה למערכת הדם של החברה. היחידה למחקר תחבורה שמה לה למטרה לחקור את מערכת התחבורה והניידות תוך שילוב נקודות מבט חדשות ושיטות מחקר משולבות. היחידה שואפת להבין טוב יותר את ההשלכות החברתיות, הכלכליות והסביבתיות של התחבורה במרחב ובזמן ובמטרה לקדם מדיניות תחבורה בת קיימא. היחידה למחקר תחבורה נפתחה רשמית באפריל 2014 והיא אחת מ- 9 מעבדות המחקר בחוג לגיאוגרפיה וסביבת האדם, הפקולטה למדעי הרוח.)http://geography.tau.ac.il( משה גבעוני ד"ר משה גבעוני הוא מרצה בכיר וראש היחידה למחקר תחבורה בחוג לגיאוגרפיה וסביבת האדם שבאוניברסיטת תל-אביב. הוא גם חוקר עמית ביחידה למחקר תחבורה שבאוניברסיטת אוקספורד בה הוא שהה מעל ארבע שנים כחוקר בכיר לפני שהצטרף לאוניברסיטת תל-אביב באוקטובר 2011. ד"ר גבעוני מתמחה בתחום התחבורה והניידות, עם דגש על מדיניות וכלכלת תחבורה וההיבטים הסביבתיים של תחבורה. הוא השלים תואר ראשון בכלכלה וגיאוגרפיה ואח"כ תואר שני במנהל עסקים באוניברסיטת תל-אביב ותואר שלישי בתכנון ב- University Free את הפוסט דוקטורט עשה ד"ר גבעוני במחלקה לכלכלה מרחבית ב-.College London Transport כעמית מרי קירי. ד"ר גבעוני הוא עורך בכתב העת University Amsterdam.Reviews